Umbrella
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| - | + | Umbrellas are a high production part and as a result a great deal of effort has been put into design for assembly. With respect to assembly, the umbrella is broken into three sub assembles: the shaft, the arms and the canopy. By breaking it into these individual sub sections this arms can be assembled independently of the shaft which can be assembled independently of the canopy, saving assembly time. Additionally, the sections are designed to be easy to assemble to one another, with the arms attaching to the shaft using two pieces of wire. This attachment method makes it easy for the umbrella to be assembled quickly and simply. | |
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==DFM== | ==DFM== | ||
Here's an external [http://www.google.com link]. | Here's an external [http://www.google.com link]. | ||
Revision as of 10:43, 21 September 2008
Contents |
Umbrella
Basic introduction information. 'Contents' box is created automatically. To skip directly to a section, use Umbrella#FMEA to create a link.
Usage and Usability
An umbrella's primary purpose is to protect the user from rain, although they are also used in some cases to protect against sun or snow. To do this, an umbrella has a long, slender shaft with a handle on one end and a collapsible canopy on the other, coming to a point at the umbrella's tip.
The umbrella's protective canopy is extended as a rider, initially located near the handle, travels up the shaft towards the tip. In a standard non-collapsible umbrella such as ours, the rider's motion is started by releasing the rider latch on the handle end of the shaft and manually moving the rider upwards until the rider engages a second latch on the tip end of the shaft, locking the rider and canopy in place.
Some improvements on the standard umbrella design have been made to overcome some of the standard umbrella's flaws.
The rider mechanism in many umbrellas, such as the golf umbrella, is spring loaded to provide one-handed automatic opening. This is an improvement over the two-handed opening that the standard umbrella offers. The canopy must be forced closed and the spring must be manually reset after use.
Because an umbrella has a very specific intended usage - outside during rain - there are times when the umbrella will not be in use but must be carried for later use, such as indoors. It is beneficial to the user for the umbrella to be lightweight and have a small footprint when not in use. One popular variation on the standard umbrella is the purse umbrella. This umbrella has a hollow telescoping shaft that extends with a button press as the spring-loaded canopy is extended. The footprint of the umbrella and its weight are reduced substantially, enough that the umbrella fits conveniently into a purse or backpack and can be carried at all times. This decrease in size comes with an increase in component complexity, as the shaft cannot be a single piece of material and the arms must be folded as well. Additional joints are needed, and the overall strength of the umbrella is reduced. Like the golf umbrella, the purse umbrella must be manually closed to reset the spring.
The most complex variant on the classic umbrella is an automatically opening and closing umbrella. This extends the functionality of the purse umbrella by using an additional mechanism to automatically close the canopy with a button press. While the canopy is automatically closed, the spring must still be manually reset.
Even with these improvements over the standard umbrella, some issues remain unaddressed. All of the umbrellas designed for personal use must be carried by hand, and even the most complex umbrellas must be forced closed manually after use. This can be a difficult task for people with motor disabilities, such as Parkinson's disease.
Parts List
| Part # | Part Name | Qty | Weight (g) | Function | Manufacturing Process | Material | Picture |
| 1 | Shaft | 1 | 59 | Main support unit for umbrella | Laminated, turned | Wood | 
|
| 2 | Handle | 1 | 70 | Provides a comfortable grip for shaft | Laminated, warped | Wood | 
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| 3 | Tip | 1 | 1.5 | Protects shaft & Aesthetic | injection molded | Plastic | 
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| 4 | Top Cap | 1 | 1.9 | Holds canopy to shaft | Stamped | Steel | 
|
| 5 | Top Cap Retention Pin | 1 | <.1 | Attaches top cap to shaft | Formed | Steel | 
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| 6 | Top Cap Skirt | 1 | .1 | Prevents water leakage around top cap | Woven | Nylon | 
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| 7 | Rider Limit Pin | 1 | .1 | Prevents upper assembly rider from traveling out of range | Formed | Steel | 
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| 8 | Rider Latch | 2 | 1.6 | Locks rider in place at top and bottom of range | Stamped | Steel | 
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| 9 | Rider Latch Pin | 2 | <.1 | Attaches rider latch to shaft | Extruded | Steel | 
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| 10 | Canopy section | 8 | 7.1 | Keeps water from entering area below umbrella | Woven | Nylon | 
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| 11 | Canopy Latch Strap | 1 | .9 | Thins trap to wrap around canopy when closed | Woven | Nylon | 
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| 12 | Canopy Latch Strap Velcro | 1 | .3 | Allows canopy latch strap to attach to itself | Velcro | 
| |
| 13 | Upper Hub | 1 | 3.1 | Attaches arms to shaft | injection moulded | Plastic - abs? |  
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| 14 | Hub Pin | 1 | .4 | Attaches upper hub to shaft | Formed | Steel | 
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| 15 | Bumper | 1 | 1.9 | Reduces jarring at end of rider travel | injection moulded | Rubber | 
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| 16 | Connecting wire | 2 | .3 | Attaches arms to upper hub and rider | Extruded | Aluminum | 
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| 17 | Rider | 1 | 8.5 | Attaches arm support rod to shaft; allows motion along shaft and attaches to latch | injection moulded | Plastic |  
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| 18 | Arm Mainshaft | 8 | 14.9 | Attaches canopy to upper hub | Extruded, stamped | Steel | 
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| 19 | Arm Support Rod | 8 | 4.8 | Attaches rider to arm mainshaft | Stamped, formed | Steel | 
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| 20 | Arm Support Rod Insert | 16 | .1 | Inserts into end of support rod; adds strength at crimp point | Extruded | Steel | 
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| 21 | Arm Endcap | 8 | .7 | Covers exposed end of arm mainshaft | Die cast | Steel | 
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| 22 | Short string | 16 | <.1 | Loops between canopy and arm mainshaft/endcap to provide attachment | Spun | Cotton | 
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| 23 | Arm Joint Connector | 8 | .5 | Connects arm mainshaft and support rod, allows rotation between the two | Stamped, crimped | Steel | 
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| 24 | Arm Joint Connector Pin | 8 | <.1 | Connects arm joint connector to support rod | Extruded | Brass | 
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Major Stakeholders and Needs
DFA
Umbrellas are a high production part and as a result a great deal of effort has been put into design for assembly. With respect to assembly, the umbrella is broken into three sub assembles: the shaft, the arms and the canopy. By breaking it into these individual sub sections this arms can be assembled independently of the shaft which can be assembled independently of the canopy, saving assembly time. Additionally, the sections are designed to be easy to assemble to one another, with the arms attaching to the shaft using two pieces of wire. This attachment method makes it easy for the umbrella to be assembled quickly and simply.
DFM
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DFE
DFE analysis goes here.
EIO-LCA
This is for the EIO-LCA subsection of DFE.
FMEA
| Item or Function | Failure Mode | Effects of Failure | S | Causes of Failure | O | Design Controls | D | RPN | Recommended Actions | Responsibility |
| Shaft | Splintering | Decreased shaft strength | 5 | Wear | 3 | Coating or finish on shaft | 4 | 60 | ||
| Potential safety hazard to user | Material choice | |||||||||
| Durability testing | ||||||||||
| Breakage | Product is inoperable | 8 | Inappropriate stresses on shaft | 1 | Material Quality | 5 | 40 | |||
| Impact | Robust Design | |||||||||
| Rot | Reduced Strength | 3 | Poor Protective Coating | 1 | Coating Process Control | 5 | 15 | |||
| Handle | Splintering | Decreased handle strength | 7 | Wear | 4 | Coating or finish on handle | 4 | 112 | ||
| Potential safety hazard to user | Material choice | |||||||||
| Durability testing | ||||||||||
| Breakage | Product is inoperable | 7 | Impact | 1 | Material Quality | 5 | 35 | |||
| Robust Design | ||||||||||
| Rot | Reduced Strength | 3 | Poor Protective Coating | 1 | Coating Process Control | 5 | 15 | |||
| Tip | Loss of Protection | Degredation of Shaft | 2 | Wear | 4 | Material choice | 7 | 56 | ||
| Part Design | ||||||||||
| Top Cap | Corrosion | Decrease In Aesthetics | 2 | Oxidation | 2 | Material choice/Coating | 5 | 20 | ||
| Top Cap Retention Pin | ||||||||||
| Top Cap Skirt | ||||||||||
| Rider Limit Pin | ||||||||||
| Rider Latch | Bending | Latch fails to operate | 8 | Inappropriate Loading | 1 | Part Design | 2 | 16 | ||
| Jamming | Latch fails to operate | 8 | Corrosion/Foreign Debris/Poor Assembly | 2 | Tolerance control | 4 | 64 | |||
| Rider Latch Pin | Loss | Potential Loss of Latch | 5 | Vibration/Poor Assembly | 1 | Proper Assembly | 2 | 10 | ||
| Canopy section | Tear | Leak in Umbrella | 7 | Improper Manufacturing/Improper Storage by Consumer | 5 | Material Selection/Manufacturing Control | 4 | 140 | ||
| Seam Failure | Leak in Umbrella | 7 | Improper Manufacturing | 3 | Manufacturing Controls | 6 | 126 | |||
| Canopy Latch Strap | Seam Failure | Inability to strap umbrella | 5 | Improper Manufacturing | 3 | Manufacturing Controls | 6 | 90 | ||
| Canopy Latch Strap Velcro | ||||||||||
| Upper Hub | ||||||||||
| Hub Pin | Loss | Upper Hub not longer attached to shaft | 8 | Improper Tolerancing/Manufacturing | 1 | Proper Tolerancing/Manufacturing | 2 | 16 | ||
| Bumper | ||||||||||
| Connecting wire | Breakage | Arms disconnect from shaft | 8 | Wear | 1 | Coating/Material Selection | 6 | 48 | ||
| Rider | Button Breakage | Latch more difficult to operate | 6 | Fatigue | 2 | Proper Tolerancing/Manufacturing | 3 | 36 | ||
| Arm Mainshaft | Plastic Yielding | Deformed umbrella shape/trouble closing | 7 | Excessive Loading | 6 | Part Design/Material Selection | 4 | 168 | ||
| Arm Support Rod | Plastic Yielding | Deformed umbrella shape/trouble closing | 8 | Excessive Loading/Impact | 6 | Part Design/Material Selection/Manufacturing | 4 | 192 | ||
| Arm Support Rod Insert | ||||||||||
| Arm Endcap | Disassociation from Arm | Partial Canopy Detatchment/Exposed Rod | 7 | Insufficient Crimping/Tolerances | 5 | Manufacturing and Assembly Controls | 3 | 105 | ||
| Short string | Snap | Partial Canopy Detatchment | 7 | Excessive Loading/Defective Materials/Poor Manufacturing | 3 | Material Quality/Manufacturing | 5 | 105 | ||
| Arm Joint Connector | Plastic Yielding | Non-smooth operation | 2 | Excessive Loading | 2 | Part Design/Material Selection/Manufacturing | 2 | 8 | ||
| Seperation from Arm | Impaired operation of umbrella | 8 | Improper Manufacturing | 3 | Manufacturing and Assembly Controls | 3 | 72 | |||
| Arm Joint Connector Pin |
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