Zero emission vehicle
From DDL Wiki
A zero emission vehicle (ZEV) is a vehicle itself that produces no emissions or pollution from the vehicle when stationary or operating.
California ZEV program
New 2005 and subsequent model year vehicles that produce zero exhaust emissions of any criteria pollutant (or precursor pollutant) under any and all possible operational modes and conditions with certain excepts for fuel-fired heaters are classified as ZEVs.
ZEV program currently recognizes four categories of vehicle <ref>Green Car Congress, California Air Resources Board Votes to Modify ZEV Program in Short-Term; Complete Overhaul to Begin for New ZEV II, http://www.greencarcongress.com/2008/03/california-air.html</ref>:
Category | Vehicle Acronym | Vehicles |
---|---|---|
Gold | ZEV | hydrogen fuel cell (FCV), battery electric vehicles (BEV) |
Silver+ | Enhanced AT-PZEV | plug-in hybrids or hydrogen-ICE |
Silver | AT-PZEV | Hybrid, compressed natural gas, methanol fuel cell |
Bronze | PZEV | Extremely clean conventional vehicle |
According to the latest ZEV definitions, there are six types of ZEVs<ref>CARB, The 2008 ZEV Program Fact Sheet, http://arbis.arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/factsheets/2008zevfacts.pdf</ref>:
ZEV Type | Definition | Example |
---|---|---|
Type I | 50-75 mile EV | Limited Range Battery EV |
Type I.5 | 75-100 mile EV | City Electric Vehicle |
Type II | 100-200 mile EV | Full function Battery EV |
Type III |
| Fuel Cell or BEV |
Type IV | 200+EV with fast refueling | Fuel Cell |
Type V | 300+EV with fast refueling | Fuel Cell |
In March 2007, California Air Resources Board (CARB) made a resolution for providing ZEV production option to automakers.<ref>CARB, Preliminary Summary of Air Resources Board Action (3/27/08) for ZEV Program, http://arbis.arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/zevreview/summary.pdf</ref>. Basically the option is added due to foreseeing feasibility and popularity of PHEV (Enhanced AT PZEVs).
Gold Vehicle | Silver+ (PHEV) | |
---|---|---|
Existing Req. (Phase III: 2012-14) |
25,000+ | 0 |
New option (Phase III: 2012-14) |
|
58,333+ |
Existing Req. (Phase IV: 2015-17) |
50,000+ | 0 |
New option (Phase IV: 2015-17) |
25,000 pure ZEVs (if option is taken) |
The resolution also increase the credit for long range FCVs from 5 to 7 credits and redefine long range to 300 miles.
References
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